[08.09.30美国新闻周刊] 温总理接受美国新闻周刊采访既要1

和谐共生

标题:We Should Join Hands
来源:NEWSWEEK
原文链接：http://www.newsweek.com/id/161410/page/1
翻译的方式:个人原创翻译
翻译作者: 和谐共生
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‘We Should Join Hands’              China's prime minister speaks out in his first interview with a Western publication in years.





Wen in New York: 'China's democracy will continue to grow'
                              By Fareed Zakaria | NEWSWEEK
                                    Published Sep 29, 2008            
            From the magazine issue dated Oct 6, 2008

In New York last week for the opening of the United NationsGeneral Assembly, Chinese Prime Minister Wen Jiabao gave a rare exclusiveinterview to NEWSWEEK's Fareed Zakaria. Wen, 66, is known for his openness andeconomic mastery, and has presided over some of the fastest growth in China'shistory. He began the conversation by pledging to "tell the truth"and invited Zakaria to interrupt him, since Wen "prefers dialogue tolong-winded speeches." The two covered topics ranging from Tibet andTiananmen Square to Darfur and human rights, from political philosophy to theU.S. elections, from the current financial crisis to the future of Chinesedemocracy. Excerpts:


联合国一般性会议上周在纽约召开，中国总理温家宝罕见的接受了新闻周刊Fareed Zakaria的独家采访。温，66岁，以开放和精通经济著称，他主政的时期是中国历史上发展最快的时期。谈话前，他保证“实话实说”，允许Zakaria打断他，因为温“喜欢长篇大论”。谈话话题从西藏和天安门广场到达尔富尔和人权，从当前的金融危机到未来的中国民主。摘要如下：

ZAKARIA: Whatdo you think of the financial crisis affecting the United States?
你认为金融危机会给美国什么影响？

WEN: We should join hands and meetthe crisis together. If the financial and economic system[s] in the UnitedStates go wrong, then the impact will be felt not only in this country, butalso in China, in Asia and the world at large.
我们会参与进来一起讨论，如果美国的金融经济体系恶化，受冲击的不仅仅是美国，也包括中国，亚洲和整个世界。

Regarding your own economy, manypeople now say there will be a significant slowdown. Do you think that willhappen? And if it does, what do you think will be the consequences?

谈到你们的经济，许多人说会有一个明显的减速，你认为是这样吗？如果发生了，会带什么后果？

China's economy has been growing at an annual average rate of 9.6 percentfor 30 years running. This is a miracle. And between 2003 and 2007, Chinaenjoyed double-digit growth—yet the consumer price index grew less than2 percent a year
三十年来，中国的经济以平均9.6％的速度增长，这是一个奇迹。在2003到2007年间，中国更是达到了两位数增长，但消费价格指数增长低于2％


China has been proactive in adopting regulatory measures.Our previous concerns were to prevent a fast-growing economy from overheatingand to prevent soaring prices from becoming inflation.
中国已经积极地采用调整措施，我们当前关心的是防止经济过热，防止通货膨胀。

But things have changed very fast [because of] the subprimecrisis in the United States and the serious turbulence that followed. We haveseen a decline in external demand, and China's domestic demand cannotbe significantly increased in a short period of time. [So] we do risk aslowdown. We must re-adjust macroeconomic policy.
但是现在情况发生了迅速转变，美国发生次贷危机和严重的金融动荡，我们已经看到外部需求降低，而国内需求短时期内不可能有显著的增长，所以我们确实要冒减速的危险，我们需要重新调整整体经济政策。

Do you think you can continue to grow if the UnitedStates goes into a major recession?
如果美国进入 严重的经济衰退期，你们还能够继续增长吗？


Given the statistics for the first eight months of thisyear, we have managed to do that. [But] a U.S. recession would certainly havean impact on China's economy. Ten years ago, China–U.S. trade stood at only$102.6 billion. Today the figure has soared to $302 billion—a 1.5-foldincrease. A shrinking of U.S. demand would certainly have an impact on China'sexports. And U.S. finance is closely connected with Chinese finance. Ifanything goes wrong in the U.S. financial sector, we would be anxious about thesecurity of Chinese capital.
根据今年前八个月的统计数据，我们还在增长，但是美国经济衰退一定会给中国经济带来影响，十年前，中美贸易总额只有1026亿美元，今天已猛涨到3020亿美元——翻了1.5倍。美国需求的缩减当然会影响到中国的出口，美国的金融业和中国紧密相连，如果美国金融界发生风吹草动，我们就会担心中国资本的安全。


China is the largest holder of U.S. Treasury bills — by some accounts, they 're worth almost $1 trillion. Can you reassure [Americans] that Chinawould never use this status as a weapon in some way?
中国是美国国债的最大持有人，据估计，大约有10000亿美元，你能让美国人安心，中国不会以此作为武器吗？

We believe that the U.S. real economy is stillsolidly based, particularly the high-tech and basic industries. Something hasgone wrong in the virtual economy, but if this problem is properly addressed,it is still possible to stabilize the economy. The Chinese government hopes tosee sustained development in the United States, as that will benefit China. Ofcourse, we are concerned about the safety and security of Chinese money here.But we believe that the United States is a credible country. And particularlyat such difficult times, China has reached out to the United States. Andactually we believe such a helping hand will help stabilize the entire globaleconomy and finance and prevent major chaos from occurring ... I believe nowthat cooperation is everything.
我们相信美国真实的经济情况还是有坚实的基础的，特别是在高科技和基础工业方面，虚拟经济出了些问题，但是如果处理得当，仍然有可能稳定经济，中国政府希望看到美国持续性发展，因为这样对中国有利，当然，我们非常关心中国资金的安全，但我们相信美国是个讲信用的国家，尤其是在如此困难的时期，中国已经向美国伸出援手，我们相信这样的援助有助于全球的经济金融稳定，阻止更大的破坏发生。。。我相信现在能做的唯有通力合作。

Many people see China as a superpower already, andthey wonder: why is it not being more active in political resolution of issuessuch as Darfur or Iran?
很多人已经把中国看作超级大国，他们想知道：为什么对于政治解决如达尔富尔和伊朗问题中国没有更多的行动呢？

I need to correct some elements of your question.China is not a superpower. Although China has a population of 1.3 billion andalthough in recent years it has registered fairly fast economic and socialdevelopment, China still has … 800 million farmers in rural areas and we stillhave dozens of millions of people living in poverty. We need to make committedand very earnest efforts to address these problems. That's why we need to focuson our own development and on our efforts to improve people's lives.
我要纠正你问题中的几个要素。中国不是超级大国，尽管中国有13亿人口，尽管近些年中国经济和社会取得了相当大的发展，中国仍然有8亿农民生活在农村，还有几千万人生活贫困，我们投入精力认真工作解决这些问题，这就是为什么我们需要专注于我们自己的发展，提高人民的生活。


But surely the Chinese government could pressurethe Sudanese government or the Iranian government or the government in Burma tobe less repressive. You have relations with all three of them.
但是毫无疑问中国政府可以给苏丹政府 伊朗政府 或者缅甸政府施压，要求他们少些压制，你们和这三个国家都有联系

That brings me to your second question. China is ajustice-upholding country. We never trade our principles. Take the Darfur issuethat you raised just now, for example. China has always advocated a dual-trackapproach: China was among the first countries sending peacekeepers to Darfur.China was also the first country that gave assistance to Sudan, and we alsokeep [up] our efforts to engage the leaders in Sudan to try to seek a peacefulsolution.
这又回到第二个问题，中国是支持正义的国家，我们从来不拿原则作交易，就拿你刚才提到的达尔富尔问题为例，中国历来倡导“双轨制”：中国是首批派遣达尔富尔维和部队的国家之一，中国也是首批援助苏丹的国家之一，我们一直努力促使苏丹领导人寻求一个和平解决方案

Do you think it would be dangerous for the world ifIran got nuclear weapons? And what do you think the world should do to try toprevent it?
你认为如果伊朗获得核武器对世界来说是危险的吗？你认为世界应该如何阻止？

We are not supportive of a nuclear rise for Iran.We believe that Iran has the right to develop a utilization of nuclear energyin a peaceful way. But such efforts should be subject to the safeguards of theIAEA, and Iran should not develop nuclear weapons … We hope that we can usepeaceful talks to achieve the purpose, rather than resort to the willful use offorce, or the intimidation of force. It's like a relationship between twoindividuals. If one individual tries to corner the other, the effect will becounterproductive. Our purpose is to resolve the problem, not to escalatetensions.
我们不支持把伊朗核问题升级，我们相信伊朗有权以和平方式开发利用核能，但是这些行动必须在国家原子能机构的安全框架内，伊朗不能发展核武器。。。我们希望我们可以用和平对话方式来达到目的，而不是使用武力或者武力威吓。就像两个人，一个人试图把另一个逼入绝境，结果适得其反。我们的目标是解决问题，不是激化紧张。

I have a question for you: don ' t you think that the efforts made byChina in resolving the Korean nuclear issue have actually helped thatsituation? I know it will take time to [achieve] a complete solution to theKorean nuclear issue. But the model we have adopted has proved to be right in this direction.


         

我有个问题：你不觉得中国在解决朝核问题上的工作对局势有实际的帮助吗？我知道要完全解决朝核问题还需要时间，但是我们采取的模式证明这是正确的方向。

China's efforts have been appreciated in the UnitedStates and around the world. And it makes people wish that China would beactive in other areas in the same way.
中国的努力已经得到美国和世界各国的赞扬，这让人感到中国也可以在其他领域以同样方式积极参与。

We have gained a lot of experience and learned lessons fromthe years of negotiations. The progress made also had a lot to do with theclose cooperation among the six parties in the talks.
多年的谈判沟通让我们积累了丰富的经验和教训，六方谈判的过程是各方紧密合作做了大量工作的过程。

The Dalai Lama says now he would accept China ' s rule in Tibet. Why don 't you negotiate directly with him and solve this issue once and forall?
DL说他愿意接受中国在西藏的统治，你们为什么不愿和他直接面谈解决这个问题？


The Dalai Lama is a religious leader and enjoys certain influence in theTibetan region. He is not an ordinary religious figure. The so-calledgovernment in exile founded by the Dalai Lama practices theocratic rule. Andthe purpose of this so-called government in exile is to separate Tibet fromChina. All over the world, the Dalai Lama keeps preaching about autonomy forthe greater Tibetan region. He wants to separate the so-called greater Tibetanregion from the motherland. Many people in the United States have no idea howbig this region is; it covers Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Qinghai and Gansu: aquarter of China's territory.
DL是个宗教领袖在西藏地区有一定的影响力，他不是普通的宗教人物，DL建立的所谓流亡政府实行的是神权统治，流亡政府的目标就是把西藏从中国分离出去，在全世界，DL一直宣扬大西藏的自治，他想把他所谓的大藏区从祖国独立出去，许多美国人对这个大藏区没概念，它包括西藏，四川，云南，青海和甘肃：四分之一的中国版图。


For decades, our policy [has been that] as long as theDalai Lama is willing to recognize that Tibet is an inalienable part of China'sterritory, and as long as the Dalai Lama gives up his separatist activities,we're willing to have contact and talks with him or his representatives. Now,sincerity holds the key to producing results out of the talks.
几十年来，我们的政策一直是：只要DL愿意承认西藏是中国不可分割的一部分，只要DL放弃他的分裂行为，我们愿意和他或者他的代表商谈，现在，带着诚意抓住关键时刻谈出个结果。




What action would you like to see from the DalaiLama that would show sincerity?
你希望看到DL什么样的行动来表达诚意？


His sincerity can be demonstrated in giving upseparatist activities. … Of course, talks may continue, and in light of theprogress in the talks, we may also consider raising the level of the talks.
他的诚意得能证明他放弃了分裂行为。。。当然，谈判会继续，根据谈判进程，我们也会提高谈判级别。

Premier Wen, your country has grown, as you pointedout, 9.5 percent for 30 years —the fastest growth rate of any country in history. What is the key toyour success? What is the model?
温总理，你的国家已经发展起来，就像你说的，30年9.5％的增速——历史上发展最快的国家，你们成功的秘诀是什么？这是什么模式？


[The answer is] the reforms and opening-up policywe introduced in 1978. We emancipated productivity in China. We had oneimportant thought: that socialism can practice market economy.
〔答案是〕我们从1978年开始实施的改革开放的政策，我们释放生产力，一个重要的思想：社会主义可以实行市场经济。


People think that 's a contradiction. How do you make both work?
可人们认为那是个矛盾，你们是怎么让（社会主义和市场经济）并行的？

Give full play to the basic role of market forcesin allocating resources under the macroeconomic guidance and regulation of thegovernment. Ensure that both the visible hand and the invisible hand are givenfull play. If you are familiar with Adam Smith, you will know that there aretwo famous works of his. "The Wealth of Nations" deals with theinvisible hand: market forces. The other book deals with social equity andjustice. In the other book, he stressed the importance of the regulatory role ofthe government to distribute wealth among the people. If most of the wealth ina country is concentrated in the hands of the few, this country can hardly[have] harmony and stability.
在经济调控和政府调控下充分调动市场力量的基层角色分配资源，确保有形和无形的调控之手都可以充分发挥作用，如果你熟悉AdamSmith，你就会知道他的两个著名观点。“国家财富”讲的是无形之手：市场力量，另一本书讲的是社会公平公正，这本书阐述了政府充当在人民中分配财富这样的调整角色的重要性，如果一个国家的大部分财富掌握在少数人手里，这个国家几乎无和谐安定可言。






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